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Normal weight obesity is a condition of having normal body weight, but high body fat percentages with the same health risks of obesity. ==Introduction== Obesity represents a global public health problem and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and reduced lifespan. The BMI-based classification of obesity do not adequately reflect the degree of adiposity so percentage body fat (PBF) is a better predictor of risk of obesity.〔A. De Lorenzo ,A. Nardi, L. Iacopino, E. Domino, G. Murdolo, C. Gavrila, D. Minella, G. Scapagnini, L. Di Renzo -"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"〕 New and more accurate formulas for epidemiological studies are of interest to the scientific community.〔Gómez-Ambrosi J, Silva C, Galofré JC, Escalada J, et al. Body mass index classification misses subjects with increased cardiometabolic risk factors related to elevated adiposity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 36(2): 286-94. Flegal KM. Commentary: the quest for weight standards. Int J Epidemiol 2010; 39(4): 963–7. Sun Q, van Dam RM, Spiegelman D, et al. Comparison of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometric and Anthropometric Measures of Adiposity in Relation to Adiposity-Related Biologic Factors. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 172(12): 1442–54.〕 The outdated BMI formula developed by Quetelet, is not an accurate measurement of adiposity but represents an imprecise mathematical estimate. Use of BMI is more simple for its convenience, safety, and minimal cost,but it not take into account several important factors affecting adiposity. Since BMI does not measure body fat directly and not distinguishes fat from lean or bone mass, its use could be inaccurate.At the same BMI level either individuals with a large proportion of total body fat mass (TBFat)or subjects with a considerable muscle mass (weight-lifter) can be classified as "obese". Greater loss of muscle mass leading to sarcopenic obesity in women occurs increasingly with age. Moreover, men’s BMI does not consider the inverse relationship between muscular strength and mortality.These are the reasons why it is useful to re-evaluate how body fat is determined.〔Etchison WC, Bloodgood EA, Minton CP, et al. Body mass index and percentage of body fat as indicators for obesity in an adolescent athletic population. Sports Health. 2011 May; 3(3): 249-52.〕 Percentage body fat (PBF), which is calculated as total body fat (TBFat) divided by total mass multiplied by 100, is a direct measure to know body fat and a better predictor of risk of obesity-related diseases than BMI.〔World Health Organization. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1995; 854: 1–452.Okorodudu DO, Jumean MF, Montori VM, et al. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Int J Obes 2010 34(5): 791-9〕 In 1995, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined obesity based on a PBF >25% for men and PBF >35% for women. However, more accurate measures of adiposity uses levels of body fat >25% for men and >30% for women.〔De Lorenzo A, Bianchi A, Maroni P, et al. Adiposity rather than BMI determines metabolicrisk. Int J Cardiol 2011;〕 De Lorenzo A. et al. ,revealed a false negative classification of obesity obtained through BMI.〔De Lorenzo A, Bianchi A, Maroni P, et al. Adiposity rather than BMI determines metabolicrisk. Int J Cardiol 2011;〕 ‘’Nearly 25% of normal weight individuals display abnormal metabolic profiles associated with obesitysistance and hsCRP are associated with PBF in a large population of BMI- defined normal weight individuals’’ 〔Shea JL, King MT, Yi Y, Gulliver W, Sun G. Body fat percentage is associated with cardiometabolic dysregulation in BMI-defined normal weight subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011; 22 (9): 741-7. Berg AH, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res 2005; 96 (9): 939–949.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Normal weight obesity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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